monitor

these are two types
1.CRT (cathode ray tube) monitor

1. monochrome (b/w)
2. analog (color)
3. digital (color)

2.LCD(Liquid-crystal-display) monitor

1. normal LCD
2. TFT LCD(  thin-film-transistor )
3. LED LCD( light-emitting diode )

working principal of CRT monitor

Diode

Rectifier diode  :  is Denoted by " D  "

 in the function of rectifier diode to convert the voltage from AC to DC

Zenor  Diode :    is denoted by "ZD"

Symbol:

Function:  To drop the entire voltage in to ground and maintain with constant voltage


LED-Diode : ( light-emitting diode )

Symbol:

it is use as a indicator.

checking process:

ok = one side value and other side nothing value 

         one side high value and other side low value

Dameg =   Both side same value 

                    Both side Nothing

                    Both side Buzzer (000)

Fuse

It is used to protect the circute

symbol:

coil or inductor

if used to maintain constant voltage

is denoted by " L "

Analog coil:

Digital coil

 this digital coil is Black



Checking Process:

ok = Both side Beep Sound

ded  = Nothing on Both Side

Capacitor

Capacitor is denoted by " C "

Analog Capacitor: 

one side marking that is (-ve)
one side plan that is       (+ve )

Digital Capacitor:

this Capacitor  color is Brown


Types of Capacitor

Polarized                                              Non   Polarized

Electrolytic                                          Not Electrolytic

-----------------------------------------------------------------
To store the voltage and                       To store the voltage and maintain
filter the pulsestring                                        a constant voltage

Checking :(Normal)

ok = one side value and other side nothing

         one side high value and other side low value

Dameg =   Both side same value 

                    Both side Nothing

                    Both side Buzzer (000)
                     

Checking: (GND)                     

ok = one side value and other side Buzzer
         one side nothing and other side Buzzer

Dameg =   Both side same value 
                    Both side Nothing

                    Both side Buzzer (000)

Resister

Resister is denoted by " R "

Function : To oppose the flow of current

Unit of Resister : ohm,

1. 1000ohm = 1k ohm
2. 1000k ohm = 1m ohm
3. 1000m ohm = 1g ohm                         

Types:

1. Analog
2. Digital

Analog:

Examples

3 bands:

Yellow, violet, black --> 47 ohm 20%

Orange, orange, brown --> 330 ohm 20%

Brown, black, red --> 1k 20%

4 bands:

Green, blue, red, gold --> 5.6kohm 5%

Red, yellow, orange, gold --> 24kohm 5%

Blue, gray, yellow, silver --> 680k 10%

More 4 band resistor color code

5 bands:

Red, yellow, orange, black, brown --> 243 ohms, 1% precision 5-band resistor

Yellow, violet, GOLD, gold, yellow --> 4.7 ohms, 5% - this resistor is calculated with the 4-band rule (the yellow band is ignored).

Orange, black, black, brown, brown --> 3.00 k ohms, 1% - note: this is a non-standard 1% (E96) resistor, but some manufacturers make every value from the E24 series with 1% tolerance!

More: 5 band

6 bands:

Red, red, brown, brown, brown, red --> 2.21k, 1% 50ppm/°C

White, black, white, brown, red, red --> 9.09k, 2% 50ppm/°C

- do not enter the last band (red in the two examples above)

Color Code:

Digital:

Checking Process : 

100ohm = 95 ohm, 105 ohm is ok

Damage condition  

1. < 95 ohm
2. No Value
3. Beep or 000    

current

When a charge is forced to move because of a potential difference (voltage) current is produced.In conductors - free electrons can be forced to move with relative ease, since they require little work to be moved.So current is charge in motion.The more electrons in motion the greater the current.

current is two types

1.AC(Alternating current) Voltage
2.DC(Direct current) Voltage

AC-Voltage:

Voltage = 230V/110V
Frequency = 50Hz/60Hz

Wave Form = Sine Wave
Symbol =

DC-voltage:

Voltage = NO Stranded
Frequency = 0 Hz

Wave Form = Straight Line
Symbol =

Checking Process:

AC-Voltage:  Phase to Neutral = 230 V

DC-voltage: No Standard

NOW
Phase to Earth = 230V(AC)
Neutral to Earth = Below 10V